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''Ulmus minor'' 'Sarniensis', known variously as Guernsey Elm, Jersey Elm, Wheatley Elm, or Southampton Elm, once enjoyed much popularity in Britain, where it was widely cultivated for street planting. However the Dutch elm disease pandemic has now destroyed nearly all the mature trees in England save a few in Preston Park, Brighton, Bridlington and Peasholm Park, Scarborough. Around a hundred mature specimens still survive in Edinburgh, Scotland (2013). The origin of the tree remains obscure; Richens believed the tree "a mutant of a French population of Field elm", noting that "elms of similar leaf-form occur in Cotentin and in northern Brittany. They vary much in habit but some have a tendency to pyramidal growth. Whether the distinctive habit first developed on the mainland or in Guernsey is uncertain." 〔Richens, R. H., ''Elm'' (Cambridge, 1983), p.54, p.96〕 Ronald Melville believed it should be more correctly considered a hybrid between Cornish Elm ''U. minor'' 'Stricta' and Dutch Elm ''Ulmus'' × ''hollandica'' for which the botanical name would be ''U.'' × ''sarniensis'' (Loud.) Bancroft.〔Green, P. S. (1964). Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus. ''Arnoldia'', Vol. 24. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. ()〕 Its clonal origin is (to date) suspected rather than proved, but the apparent uniformity of this taxon makes it likely to be a clone. Arguing in a 2002 paper that there was no clear distinction between species and subspecies, and suggesting that known or suspected clones of ''U. minor'', once cultivated and named, should be treated as cultivars, Dr Max Coleman of Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh preferred the designation ''U. minor'' 'Sarniensis'.〔Coleman M. (2002) 'British elms.' ''British Wildlife'' 13 (6): 390-395.〕 ==Description== The tree has a compact, columnar form, not dissimilar to the Lombardy Poplar. Rarely exceeding a height of 27 m, the tree has long stiff ascending branches forming a narrow pyramidal crown.〔McClintock, D. (1975). ''The Wild Flowers of Guernsey''. Collins, London.〕〔White, J. & More, D. (2002). ''Trees of Britain & Northern Europe''. Cassell's, London.〕 Older specimens broaden round the 'waist', giving trees with a tapering crown a Chianti-flask shape. Like Cornish elm, a narrow-crowned elm from the same area, Guernsey elm is one of the last British trees to come into leaf, and it retains its dark, lustrous foliage into early winter. In favourable conditions it turns a rich golden-yellow in late November or early December.〔edinburgh.gov.uk/directory_record/170134/braidburn_valley_park-wheatley_elms〕 The small leaves and samarae are similar to those of the Field Elm group in general and of the Cornish elm in particular. Like others of the group, the tree suckers very freely. The tree often develops highly distinctive cancerous burrs on its branches or trunk. File:Granton Parish Church - geograph.org.uk - 325687.jpg|Purplish haze of flowering Guernsey Elms, Granton, Edinburgh (photo Sandy Gemmill) Image:The pathway leading through Princes Street Gardens West - geograph.org.uk - 1301247.jpg|Guernsey Elm (left centre) coming into leaf in early summer (Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh) Image:Princes Street Gardens - geograph.org.uk - 612157.jpg|Guernsey Elms (top left), their foliage still dark green in early winter (Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh) File:Shirley Drive - geograph.org.uk - 1555251.jpg|Guernsey Elm in late October, Shirley Drive, Hove 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ulmus minor 'Sarniensis'」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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